Homes for the Homeless - 1436 Words

Homelessness is a major health issue around the world that needs to be addressed. Many individuals in a community often misinterpret the cause of homelessness. Comments towards homeless people such as â€Å"get a job† or â€Å"go to school† often are used freely by members of soci-ety because they fail to look at the comprehensive of this oppressing issue. Homelessness has a strong link to the determinants of health (DOH), most notably income and social status (Fingfeld, 2010). The article, â€Å"No Funding for Homes for the Homeless† speaks on the issue of homeless-ness within the city of Prince Albert. Furthermore, the article illustrates that homelessness is a community issue not solely an individual issue. Therefore, this paper will discuss the†¦show more content†¦The program coordinator verbalized that without the program the people in need have nowhere else in the city to go for help (Froes, 2011). Refer to the appendix to view the ar-ticle . Homes for the Homeless program is trying to assist members in the Prince Albert com-munity to overcome barriers in order to have a second chance. More specifically, the program is doing its part to form equity in health and assist with social justice in the community. As stated in A Population Health Promotion Framework For Saskatchewan Regional Health Authorities document â€Å"the healthiest societies are those in which there is a relatively small gap between the best-off and worst-off members† (p. 5). However, no single program contains the resources needed to prevent homelessness (Burt, Pearson, Montgomery, 2007). Therefore social action needs to occur in order to keep the program doors open and to address the issue of homelessness. Proposed Solution Critical social theory (CST) can be used as a framework to approach the issue of home-lessness. â€Å"CST examines relationships of power and the underlying structures in society that produce population inequities† (Grahms Christ as cited in Mohammed, 2006). The theory looks at inequities in relation to cultural, political, and economic aspects of society (Mohammed, 2006). Further, the aspects of society that cause remedial differences can beShow MoreRelatedHomeless Veterans: The Fight at Home1367 Words   |  5 PagesHomeless Veterans: The Fight at Home Every night more than sixty-five thousand veterans are looking for a place to lay their heads, they are homeless. For over a decade these men and women of our armed forces have been returning home from the conflicts overseas; each year their presence in the homeless community has increased significantly. The reintegration from a structured military lifestyle to a lax civilian life can make adjusting difficult for service members. These men and women, who haveRead MoreEssay about Alone Without a Home: Homeless and Runaway Youth 1624 Words   |  7 PagesAlone Without a Home: Homeless Runaway Youths Across the country, there are children who leave home to avoid the dangers of home only to face the dangers of living on the streets. For some the urge to leave is short lived and they return home. For others it can be a lifetime of struggle as the situation they once thought was a good solution suddenly becomes a never ending nightmare as they fight to survive and face the harsh reality that they have no place to turn to. Homeless runaway youth areRead MoreCritical Review: with No Direction Home: Homeless Youth on the Road and in the Streets by Marni Finkelstein1959 Words   |  8 PagesCritical Review: With No Direction Home: Homeless Youth on the Road and in the Streets By Marni Finkelstein In this critical review of Marni Finkelstein’s ethnography â€Å"With No Direction Home: Homeless Youth on the Road and in the Streets† I will analyze and evaluate some of the strategies and methods used by this author. One primary issue I will discuss is the sample population. Finkelstein may have set the population limitations to strictly for this ethnography. Her limited observationRead MoreHomelessness Is A Serious Problem1031 Words   |  5 Pagesthe U.S. there are more than 3.5 million people that are homeless sometime during the year. This number is extremely high. We cannot ignore it anymore, and it needs to be reduced. Although we already have homeless shelters, they are not able to get everyone off the streets; thus, it would be better to build small, individual houses for the homeless. Most cities have at least one homeless shelter. However they usually house the homeless â€Å"just during the winter† (â€Å"DC’s plan to end homelessnessRead MoreCase Study : Building A Policy Briefing1699 Words   |  7 Pagesof Baltimore- Spring Quarter 2016 What can the Baltimore government/policy makers do about homeless in Baltimore? The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the policy and actions that can be taken to end the homelessness issue. Homeless is a serious multi-faceted issue that requires the involvement of many agencies, policymakers, governments and faith-organizations. Having no home is a miserable experience, causing health problems, exacerbating existing health problems, and complicatingRead MoreHomelessness: Who Are The Homeless? Essay835 Words   |  4 Pagesare the homeless? (Final Draft) Many people become homeless because of reasons beyond their control. Some people have lost their jobs and cannot afford to pay for housing. What is homelessness? Homelessness is defined, by The Steward McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, as someone who do not own their own home or one who can not afford to pay for housing without depriving themselves of essentials needs (as cited by Mind Disorders, par. 1). However, there is a new meaning to homeless today.Read MoreHomelessness Is On The Rise878 Words   |  4 PagesHonolulu, homelessness is on the rise. People become homeless and experience poverty for a number of different reasons. Anderson states that, â€Å"However, during the last decade, the scarcity of affordable housing-coupled with other social and economic changes-thrust many new faces into the homeless population† (13). In 2013 the Department of Housing and Urban Development stated that the state of Hawaii has the second largest population of homeless peopl e (Nagourney). In Honolulu, the price of housingRead MoreA Study Of Mental Disorders Among The Homeless996 Words   |  4 Pagesamong the Homeless, there are around 740,000 individual’s homeless in the United States alone at any given night. Homelessness is everywhere, yet it is unseen. And yet at the same time American’s everywhere often take what they have for granted, especially the roof over their heads. Anna Quindlen discusses these issues in her article â€Å"Homeless†. She writes about a woman she met at a bus terminal one day. The woman‘s bag and raincoat were covered in grime, her name was Ann, and she was homeless. SuddenlyRead MoreHomelessness Persuasive Speech1217 Words   |  5 Pageshas many homeless children that beg to live or peddle. 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Youth become homeless for multiple reasons whether it be because they have aged out of foster care, ran from home, were kicked out of their home, or because they have become homeless along with their family members

The Art of Courtly Love, Consolation of Philosophy, and...

The Art of Courtly Love, Consolation of Philosophy, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Part 1: Consolation of Philosophy, written by Boethius 1. Boethius was a popular member of the senatorial family. He was a philosopher that agreed with Plato that government should be solely in the hands of wise men. After becoming consul, charges of treason were brought against him. He lived in a time in Roman society when everyone was mainly Christian. He was an Arian Christian and believed that Christ was neither truly God nor truly man. Because of his beliefs, he was seen as a heretic in the eyes of the Roman Church. This religious controversy was the root of many of Boethius’s beliefs and writings. 2. The literary genre of the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Philosophy argues that misfortune is more beneficial than good fortune, for good fortune deceives, but misfortune teaches† (Boethius, 40). The valuable lessons that bad luck and misfortune teaches a person is to live life modestly, appreciate everything that you have, be humble, and don’t take anything for granted. Lady Philosophy advises to reach the point in the wheel where good and bad fortune are equal and then a person won’t need either to be happy. If you have God and know yourself, than a person doesn’t need either to be truly happy. 4. Boethius relates the human experience of destiny/fate and the divine foreknowledge/providence by interpreting their meanings in real life. â€Å"Providence is the immovable and simple form of all things which come into being, while Fate is the moving connection and temporal order of all things which the divine simplicity has decided to bring into being† (Boethius, 92). Boethius says that providence is what happens in one second for God and fate is what happens in the course of a lifetime for human beings. He suggests that God knows the end of our lives right from the beginning but he doesn’t necessarily know each individual action or thought that it will take for a person to get there. Fate on the other hand is free will. Human beings determine what courses of actions to take in a lifetime, but ultimately, God

Organizational Environments and Cultures Free Essays

————————————————- PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT ————————————————- CHAPTER 3: ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS AND CULTURES 1. HOW CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS AFFECT ORGANIZATIONS Environmental change: The rate at which a company’s general and specific environment changes * Stable environments: the rate of environmental change is slow * Dynamic environments: the rate of environmental change is fast * Punctuated equilibrium theory: companies go through long periods of stability, followed by a short complex period of dynamic change (revolutionary periods) to later return to stability * Environmental complexity: Refers to the number and intensity of external factors in the environment that affect organizations * Simple environments: few environmental factors Complex environmen ts: many environmental factors * Resource scarcity: Refers to the abundance or shortage of critical organizational resources in an organization external environment * Uncertainty: How well managers can understand or predict the external changes and trends affecting their business * Uncertainty is lowest when environmental change and complexity are at low levels and resource scarcity is small (if environment is not too complicated and doesn’t change much it’s easy to predict) . FOUR COMPONENTS OF GENERAL ENVIRONMENT: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Environments and Cultures or any similar topic only for you Order Now Economy * It influences basic business decisions such as whether to hire more employees, expand production, or take out loans to purchase * In a growing economy more products are bought and sold, more people work and salaries rise; and viceversa (in shrinking economy) * Business Confidence Indices: shows how confidente actual managers are about future business growth 2. Political/Legal Trends Includes legislation, regulations, and court decisions that govern and regulate business behaviour * New laws and regulations continue to impose additional responsibilities to companies 3. Sociocultural Trends * Demographic characteristics, general behaviour, attitudes and beliefs of people in a particular society 4. Technological Trends * Refers to the knowledge, tools and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs 3. FIVE COMPONENTS OF SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT The specific environment is the environment that is unique to a firm’s industry and that directly affects the way it conducts day-to-day business. 1. Customer: * Monitoring customer’s changing wants and needs is critical to business success. It can be done in two ways: i. Reactive customer monitoring: identifying and addressing customer trends and problems after they occur ii. Proactive customer monitoring: identifying and addressing customer needs, trends and issues before they occur 2. Competitor: Companies need to keep close track of what their competitors are doing * To do so, they perform a competitive analysis * A competitive analysis involves deciding who your competitors are, anticipating competitors’ moves, and determining competitors’ strenghts and weaknesses 3. Supplier: * Supplier dependence: the degree to which a company relies on that supplier because of the importance of the supplier’s product to the company * Buyer dependence: the de gree to which a supplier relies on a buyer because of the importance of that buyer to the supplier’s sales * A igh degree of supplier or buyer dependence can lead to oportunistic behaviour (benefiting at the expense of the other) * In contrast, relationship behaviour focuses on establishing a mutually beneficial, long-term relationship between buyers and suppliers 4. Industry Regulations: * Regulations and rules that govern the practices and procedures of specific industries, businesses and professions * Unlike the political/legal component of the general environment, this does not affect all businesses 5. Advocacy Groups: These are groups of concerned citizens who band together to try to influence the business practices of specific industries, businesses and professions * e. g. environmental advocacy groups try to influence manufacturers to pollute less * Ways in which advocacy groups can influence businesses: iii. Public communications: voluntary participation of media indu stry to send out the group’s message iv. Media advocacy: involves framing the group’s concern as public issues that affect everyone, forcing media coverage v. Product boycott: advocacy groups actively try to persuade consumers not to purchase a company’s product or service 4. MAKING SENSE OF CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS Because external environments can be dynamic, confusing and complex, managers use a three-step process to make sense of the changes in their external environments: 1. Environmental scanning: * Searching the environment for important events or issues that might affect the organization * Manager scan the environment to reduce incertainty 2. Interpreting Environmental factors: * After scanning, the company determines what environmental events and issues mean to the organization. * Distinguish environmental events as either threats or opportunities 3. Actiong on threats and opportunities: * Managers decide how to respond to these environmental factors * Because it is impossible to comprehend all the factors and changes, managers rely on Cognitive maps that summarize the perceived relationships between environmental factors and possible organizational actions 5. INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTS – ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE Organizational culture is the set of beliefs, values and attitudes shared b members of an organization. * Creating an Organizational Culture: * The founder is the primary source of an organization’s culture * Founders create organizations at their own image * When founders are gone, culture is kept with: i. Stories: to emphasize culturally consistent assumptions, decisions, and actions ii. Heroes: people admired for their qualities and achievements within the organization. Successful Organizational Cultures: * Are Adaptable * Have employee involvement * Have a clear company vision * Are Consistent, Strong culture (even though strong cultures reduce adaptability) * Changing Organizational Cultures: * Culture has three levels: iii. Seen (surface level) iv. Heard (expressed values beliefs) v. Believed (unconscious assumptions beliefes) * Managers should only focus on the parts of the culture they can control, those are the s urface level items and expressed values and beliefs How to cite Organizational Environments and Cultures, Papers

Starbucks Employees Operating Philosophy †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Starbucks Employees Operating Philosophy. Answer: Introduction: The job roles and description has been given below in details, but does not limit to the following only. It is essential that the candidate is able to set short term and long term goals for individual and the stores under his supervision ("District Manager | Starbucks Coffee Company", 2017) Setting up plans that are realistic and achievable within a specified amount of time Creating district implementation plans in order to achieve the business results as well as excellence in the services (Jianfei, 2014) Manage the stores with honesty and integrity ("Starbucks.com, 2017) Communicate clearly and delegate the key responsibilities to the individual store managers and management teams Review the customer feedback of each store and assist the managers to achieve excellence and organizational goals ("District Manager | Starbucks Coffee Company", 2017) Ability to take up challenges The various responsibilities of the district manager of Starbucks are listed below. However, the responsibilities are not limited the ones that are listed. Lead a diverse team of various stores in a region, providing guidance to achieve the organizational goals, along with ensuring quality management ("District Manager | Starbucks Coffee Company", 2017) Responsible for managing the performances of the local stores under his supervision, along with knowing the markets, communities as well as the customers (Block, 2016) Creating district implementation plan and support the execution of the organizational goals Monitoring and managing the staffs of the various stores ("Starbucks.com ", 2017) Access external resources and manage the external stake holders Ensure adherence to the wages and labour policies (Block, 2016) Ensure implementation of the customer feedback and ensure customer satisfaction Ensure proper resource management Develop positive relation with the internal and external stakeholders Demonstrate effective management principles and create scope for innovation and development Supervise the overall working of the Starbucks stores within a particular province Masters degree in business with close working experience in the related field for minimum 5 years Experienced as a district manager or similar level for 3 years (com, 2017) Responsible as a store manager in any retail brand for 5 years Experienced in critical analysis of financial reports Experienced in working in a multi-unit environment Along with the required qualifications and experiences, it is important that the physical and mental conditions of the candidate be also analysed. The physical fitness include being free from any chronic disease or physical disability, that is required for the position of a district manager Along with being physically fit, mental stability and metal fitness is also required Display of sudden anger or negative emotions need to be avoided, along with the capability of taking up various challenges Lack of physical fitness or mental stability is not suitable for the job role References Block, P. (2016). The empowered manager: Positive political skills at work. John Wiley Sons Jianfei, X. (2014). Analysis of Starbucks Employees Operating Philosophy. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(6). Starbucks.com (2017) Retail Careers. Starbucks Coffee Company Starbucks.com (2017). District Manager | Starbucks Coffee Company. Starbucks Coffee Company.

The Corporation

Free Essays on Meaning Of Thought

Can Descartes be certain that he is thinking? How? Can he be certain that he exists? How? (And who is he?) Descartes’ statement â€Å"I think therefore I exist† raises questions about the meaning of thought, the meaning of existence but most fundamentally, in what sense he can be certain. The difficulty in establishing the certainty of â€Å"I think† and â€Å"I exist† is that the two concepts are interrelated. Thus, for example, differing interpretations of what it is to think will have a profound impact on the question of whether Descartes can achieve the certainty of his existence. The success of his attempt to achieve certainty can be analysed in relation to how far he overcomes the universal doubt he has introduced in the first meditation. It is in this sphere of meaning that â€Å"I† becomes very relevant as it is possible to argue that his use of â€Å"I† demonstrates that his own interpretation of what is certain is partially based on intrinsically held beliefs. Williams describes the statement â€Å"I think† as indubitable. This is because â€Å"if anyone believes he is thinking or that he exists then necessarily he has a true belief.† Using the Cartesian method, the statement that â€Å"I think† is unique because it is the only premise that has the property of having its truth confirmed by the act of doubting it. Descartes demonstrates that he has found a statement that is not defeated by the possibility of a ‘malicious demon’ when he says â€Å"If I am in doubt, if I am entertaining the possibility that I might be deceived, then the very fact that I am around to entertain that doubt shows that I must exist†. Thus he is already assuming that his ability to entertain doubt, or â€Å"think† is certain, which based on the premise above, is a not unreasonable conclusion. Before further examining his assertion that he is thinking, the question of what Descartes means by thinking must be defined. In the simplest form, possible d... Free Essays on Meaning Of Thought Free Essays on Meaning Of Thought Can Descartes be certain that he is thinking? How? Can he be certain that he exists? How? (And who is he?) Descartes’ statement â€Å"I think therefore I exist† raises questions about the meaning of thought, the meaning of existence but most fundamentally, in what sense he can be certain. The difficulty in establishing the certainty of â€Å"I think† and â€Å"I exist† is that the two concepts are interrelated. Thus, for example, differing interpretations of what it is to think will have a profound impact on the question of whether Descartes can achieve the certainty of his existence. The success of his attempt to achieve certainty can be analysed in relation to how far he overcomes the universal doubt he has introduced in the first meditation. It is in this sphere of meaning that â€Å"I† becomes very relevant as it is possible to argue that his use of â€Å"I† demonstrates that his own interpretation of what is certain is partially based on intrinsically held beliefs. Williams describes the statement â€Å"I think† as indubitable. This is because â€Å"if anyone believes he is thinking or that he exists then necessarily he has a true belief.† Using the Cartesian method, the statement that â€Å"I think† is unique because it is the only premise that has the property of having its truth confirmed by the act of doubting it. Descartes demonstrates that he has found a statement that is not defeated by the possibility of a ‘malicious demon’ when he says â€Å"If I am in doubt, if I am entertaining the possibility that I might be deceived, then the very fact that I am around to entertain that doubt shows that I must exist†. Thus he is already assuming that his ability to entertain doubt, or â€Å"think† is certain, which based on the premise above, is a not unreasonable conclusion. Before further examining his assertion that he is thinking, the question of what Descartes means by thinking must be defined. In the simplest form, possible d...

Sales Management Assignment Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sales Management Assignment - Term Paper Example To begin, one can easily interact with customers through the free social sites and have them together so as to deliver relevant information to them. It is also possible to update the network as regular as possible. Sharing of customer experience and information may be enabled through the internet. There is an opening for business evaluation depending on the customers view. As this is done, there is a feeling of personal attachment that develops mutually. For instance a company like sumsung can effectively makes its marketing over the internet by advertising its products and issuing direct purchases from all over the world. Through the internet, it is possible to attract more customers with no limitation as long as the customer has connections with you. In fact, in case of social sites, all other friends and families will be able to see the information about the business. This enables more room for sharing leading to the growth of the network. Businesses can exploit this technology fo r promotion of their services and products1. Modification of features is possible through the internet hence relating as per current situation is possible. This can be father enhanced by customizing links and collaborating features within the website. Interaction with the customer is made more dependable with the provision of contacts and sharing of information via the inbox; this ensures a feeling of security with the individual customers. Through the social sites, there can be recorded an increase in the leads and sales. Enticing information may be included such as the offers available, new brands, among other information that may be required by the intended customers2. As such, the efficiency of this method as an advertising tool is fully realised among the users. There is the need to build trust so as to realise the advantages of using the internet t reach the customers. Disadvantages of building customer relation using the internet Security is the first issue with the internet technology in the world today. This is mostly due to hacking that has made most customers to doubt the payment procedures hence less commitments in line with the payments. Some companies which offer money transfers may be the victim in this case making the process harder. For instance, the use of visa cards has recorded froud in its transsuctions occasionally. The scale of the system is a limiting factor to some level. In case the system is made to accommodate a given number of customers then it so happens that the customers increase beyond the expected number then the business is set to shut down since there will be an overflow3. The cost of e-commerce must be calculated; the business must be in a good position to raise sufficient funds in order to accommodate the expenses incurred in using the internet. The product or service in question should also be evaluated so as to determine the loyalty of the customers. As such, the challenge comes where the customers targeted may want to h ave the real feel of the product rather than just the pictorial view of it. Vulnerability of business information to competitors becomes a major disadvantage in customer relation over the internet4. The cost of internet start up is also significantly high. In general, the intimacy of a one to one

The two places Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The two places - Essay Example Pacific islanders form the smallest racial group in Santa Monica with a percentage of 0.1% while whites making up the largest percentage of 77%. Santa Monica being a beach city has attracted a lot of businesses and investors from overseas. International clothes designers and other celebrated merchandise are all found in the city. Anybody visiting Santa Monica will find a reason to overstay his or her welcome especially at night. This is because there is a buzzing nightlife in the city. Bright lights and many theatres are a norm in Santa Monica. There are also cultural museums which the residents can get useful information about the city and America as a whole. For the art lovers, there is an array of galleries to visit that feature international and local artists. Crime in Santa Monica is not high. For instance, cases of sex offenders are quite low. Other offences such as thefts and arson are also minimal with about 2000 thefts in 2010. Therefore, it is a safe place to live in without worrying about thugs attacking the area. The city usually holds cultural events such as fun fairs and community based activities such as disability day races. This definitely keeps people together. Venice Beach is adjacent to Marina Del Rey and is one o the places that is ideal for visiting if one is used to always being in Marina Del Rey. Just like Santa Monica, Venice beach is a tourist attraction due to its sandy beaches. In fact, Venice is quite similar to Santa Monica. The population as of 2008 was about 41,000 with white residents taking almost 64% of that number (Drake). It is said to be one of the wealthiest cities in the neighborhood because the average income of a household is 67,057 dollars. However, Venice has a culture of street performers who do great shows from juggling to skating while playing guitars. Entertainment wise,

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research Paper Example The essays from McArdle, the Scientific American, and Sharma opened my eyes to the urgency of research on and policymaking regarding superbugs. I chose the topic of writing a policy that urges the government to provide financial incentives for antibiotic research, controls how healthcare workers prescribe antibiotics, bans the use of antibiotics for non-related applications in the agricultural sector, and prohibits the sale of over-the-counter antibiotics. My research questions are: How did superbugs develop? What are the current effects of superbugs on society? What can stakeholders do to prevent the development of superbugs and to resolve the national and global health issue of drug resistance? The starting points of my research are the essays from McArdle, the Scientific American, and Sharma, wherein McArdle gives an overview of the superbug problem and offers potential economic and legislative solutions. If the government and other stakeholders do not do anything about this probl em, bacterial infection will rise, and this will afflict and kill many people. At the same time, antibacterial medication prices will increase, which will prevent low-income people from receiving treatment that will help them survive drug-resistant diseases. To know more about the effects of superbugs on society and their historical development, I used the keywords â€Å"superbug drug resistance† in searching for relevant articles in EBSCOHost databases. I limited the publication years to 2009 to present and came up with 525 articles. I selected Walsh and Fischbach’s Scientific American article because they described the effects of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on the rise of deaths in the U.S. They also explained how MRSA developed. They further explored how new scientific approaches can resolve the resistance problem. While going through hundreds of search results, I also came across Leclercq’s article. He provided an update on drug resist ance issues and the challenges in designing new antibacterial medication. Aside from McArdle, the Scientific American article from the textbook showed the connection between antibiotics and agricultural problems. While researching for the effects and development of drug-resistant bacteria, I came across a lengthy article from Lessing. Lessing provides a useful section on the history of antibiotic use in the agricultural industry, which resulted to drug-resistant bacteria that afflict human beings. She shows how the quest for increasing profits produced ill consequences for human health in general. Lessing advocates citizen action because so far, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Congress have not produced meaningful legislative gains that ban antibiotic use for non-therapeutic purposes in the agricultural sector. To gain deeper knowledge on antibiotic use in agriculture, I further searched for articles using the key words â€Å"drug resistance antibiotic livestock United S tates† in EBSCOhost. I found the article from Love et al. They described the history of medicated feeds, the nature of free-choice medicated feeds (FCMF) use, and U.S. policies that tackle antimicrobial drug use in food animals. Their article is important because they balance policy considerations with agricultural realities and needs. Aside from this article, Sapkota et al.’s study captured my attention because they examined the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant

Influence of Government Type on Policy Making

Influence of Government Type on Policy Making When a country has a democratic government, the process of implementing a law is extremely tedious compared to a monarchy.  In a monarchy,  the rulers word is law, and that law is enacted precisely when the ruler says it is, saving a great deal of time and work. However, the trade-off  is necessary,  especially in complex policy issues,  such as  foreign policy,  that relate  to war. When  entering conflict with  a  foreign nation,  it’s crucial for the survival of a nation. War is an extremely costly operation, one  that can cause substantial  financial damage to  a  nation. A democratic political system,  such as  in  the USA,  specifically prevents a nation  from  entering wars  for any defensive  or offensive  purpose  that is not publicly approved, because a mistake in such decision will impact the survival of a  nation. Even though there is a loss of efficiency, it ensures the survival of a nation. However, the main reason why extensive checks on policy is necessary,  is because we humans suffer from our own psychological bias.  In the book The Nudge, the author describes  Ã¢â‚¬Å"we human  can be manipulated by savvy architects of choice â€Å".  Referencing  that we human,  and  politicians  of course,  will sometimes makes incorrect decision or irrational decision based  on  psychological manipulation. A check and balance system  extensively  prevents that from happening in our government.  By making single sided and quick decisions virtually impossible from our policy making process. Despite the obvious loss  of  efficiency, this trade-off of speed for balance is essential. The framers of the American constitution knew well the results of absolute rule  and structured the nation they founded very specifically to avoid such tyranny. A somewhat clunky government is the unavoidable price of a multi-faceted government. In turn, public participation is encouraged under such a system, as people are made to feel that their efforts can make a difference, as opposed to the sense that a distant and unconcerned  monarch  will simply do as he  or she  likes regardless of public opinion and action. Using the United States as an example, the  president, head of the executive branch of government and holder of the ostensive title of â€Å"head of state,†Ã‚  has virtually no power to draft new legislation. In fact, his (or her) authority in this matter is entirely limited to effectively asking nicely for  Congress (which constitutes the legislative branch) to introduce the desired law. Political allies in the House of Representatives will certainly comply, but their opponents are sure to question and criticize the new law to within an inch of its life, insisting on amendments and modifications if they allow it to move forward at all. Assuming some agreement – often  taking a long time to  reach  and achieved only after the requisite rounds of political scheming and posturing – can be reached, essentially the entire process must be repeated in the Senate, where the unique balance of  senators may bring the bills future into question yet again. We can see that by allowing discussion and exchange between  the  Senate and  House,  the public participation in the political matter increases  as well. As each citizen  recognizes  that we elected our own policy makers,  every citizen makes a difference,  as opposed  to a monarch,  who often distances  him  or herself from the public when making public policy,  thus discouraging  public participation. One way to allow the public participation is  allowing public to form  special interest group to maintain their position in the government by lobbying  to  influence other people to support the organization’s position.  These interest groups  often testify in legislative hearings,  donate to  political candidates  (Www.opensecret.org),  and donate money to candidate or organization to lobby  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  politicians.   When special interest effects certain elite groups, the candidate of the elite group can spread their ideas to the  public  at large,  which results in  a  change  in  public opinion, thus ensuring their ideas and objective are in place in the society. Special interest group  are  formed  by groups of individuals,  and  the group’s ability to drawn in large  numbers  of citizens directly impacts the quality of policy,  because when implementing a policy, to satisfy its members,  the policy drafting procedure must ensure a common understanding of the law, must be readable (not overly complex),  and it must  achieve  the group’s social, political,  and legal objectives,  which are the criteria of a good-quality policy.  Reading) ( Think tanks are a wide range of institution that provides public policy research, advice,and analysis, while operating independently. They are non-profit  and  operate  independently  from political partiesand government. Their main goal is to help government officials  understand and make rational decisions  on different issues.  They support policy developments by  conducting research on  complex issues  with their expertise and present their extensive findings to  government officials,  such as congress and other officials. Think tanks  act  as  an intermediary  between knowledge and politicians. However, think tanks approach different issues differently. A scientific approach requires extensive testing  of  theories about the policy effects. A professional approach requires analysis of the  opportunity cost of different alternatives. And lastly a political approach requires support of  the  left or right-wing party. Although the description above summarizes different approaches  for different think tanks, the underlying  simultaneous approach requires think tanks to understand complex issues and to provide research and advice to  funders  or  political leaders  and together draft a quality policy that can reach different objective. To explain the difference between political vs economic model we can look at democracy vs communism.  To begin with, democracy is entirely a political model. In  the American sense, democracy is no economic model. It is a system in which the people at large vote upon voluntary candidates who have asked to serve as representatives in a variety of capacities, and once winning election, to decide policy as they see fit. As this structure the  administration of the country, with no necessary commentary upon economics, it is a political model. By contrast, communism is an economic model, though its nature does tend to favour a political structure. Communism is an extreme flavour of socialism that emphasizes the dignity of the common worker, who is credited with building and maintaining all human societies. As such, communism purports to establish an economy free of financial inequality, in which the workers – constituting most of the population – are all equal social partners. It is in this manner that communism can be mistaken for a political model, as such tight controls on societal resources all but require a strong centralized government to oversee distribution. But this is a consequence of communisms economic ideal, rather than a prescription. Communism is an economic model. Again, an economic model as rigid as communism tends to demand a powerful government, but ultimately it is a nations political model – not its economic model – that determines the selection of policies. This is only sensible, as policy should be set by a nations leaders – even if, as in the U.S.A  example above, those leaders are none but the people themselves – and not by directly by economic factors. I believe economic model should dictate policy making, because  economic model is  a much effective and less costly  way to  drive changes in the country.  When  we look at the  example of increase  alcohol tax  led to decrease in alcohol purchase.  We can see that economic policy  clearly influences human behaviour. Not only it decreases drunk driving accidents, it increases  productivity  and health gains. In the past we have seen example of political models in place to ban alcohol  (18th  amendment), not only it did not decrease  incentive to purchase  alcohol, it increase power, corruption within a nation  which  cause  more  social damage to a  nation.  Economic model has proven itself as the best model to drive changes in a country  and human behaviour. References Keilman, John. Higher Booze Tax a Lifesaver?  Chicago Tribune. Web. 1 Oct. 2014. Top Donor Profiles.  Center for Responsive Politics. 1 Jan. 2013. Web. 1 Oct. 2014. www.opensecrets.org>.Thaler, Richard H., and Cass R. Sunstein.  Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness. New Haven, Conn.: Yale UP, 2008. Print.

Career Profile: Advertising Executive Essay -- Careers Jobs Marketing

Career Profile Task The career that I have chosen to profile is that of an Advertising Executive. Advertising professionals combine creativity with sound business sense to market a product based on financial, sociological, and psychological research. To ensure this complicated process works smoothly, advertisers spend a lot of time in the office (a six-day week is not unusual). Most of their time is spent brainstorming, creative blockbusting, and sifting through demographic research; less time is spent meeting with clients or pitching advertising campaigns. Fluidity of daily activity marks the life of the advertising executive who jumps from project to project. It takes a very disciplined person to handle both the creative end and the detail-oriented side. Advertising executives work in teams on projects, so working with others is crucial; those who are successful have the ability to add to other people’s ideas and help them grow. The need to be flexible can not be emphasized enough. As a number of large players in the industry move toward â€Å"computer-based brainstorming,†-a way in which creative ideas are kept in a fluid database without regard to account specificity-computer skills will become more valuable. Like most project-oriented careers, you can expect periods of intense activity during which you have little, if any, free time. At other times, the workload is light and mundane. Education / Training Requirements High-school preparation: Take lots of English courses. Any other writing-intensive courses are good as well. If your high school offers courses that will teach you how to use computer programs or, even better, how to create computer-based graphic art, take them, too. You'll probably be required to take a foreign language in college if you choose to major in Advertising. Plan accordingly. Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, Advertising majors almost universally involve some fairly challenging statistics courses. Consequently, if you ignore math in high school, you'll be in for a rude awakening. Degrees Possibly Required:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Degree in Internet Marketing  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Degree in Marketing and/or Business Administration  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Journalism and/or editorial experience would be an asset  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  BA/BS  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Other specific degrees in relation to the type of advertising. (Example: Internet Advertising = Degree in Internet Advertising Skills... ...ne to make it better. I tell my family and friends about my ideas, and they love them! If I had an advertising account to complete, and I had a team of skilled designers, and conceptualists, I know that I could do the job pretty darn good. It takes an outgoing, creative, social, skilled person who likes to, and can work with others collaborating thoughts and ideas, to be an advertiser. Through all of my personality tests and self-evaluations, I have come to the conclusion that I am almost perfect for this job. I have an outgoing personality, I am creative, I enjoy working with others, I love creating great humour, and I LOVE designing things. I am also somewhat skilled at selling products and ideas, as well as negotiating (this must be hereditary, as my mother is blessed in this area). Bibliography: (March 2). Monster Job Search Website. [Online]. Available: http://www.monster.ca (March 3). Career Builder. [Online]. Available: http://www.careerbuilder.com (March 3). About.com. [Online]. Available: http://www.about.com (March 4). Google. [Online]. Available: http://www.google.com (March 6). The Princeton Review. [Online]. Available: http://www.princetonreview.com